Introduction

The aim of this study is to interpret the knowledge networks of students regarding dating violence, marital therapy and expectation of the relationship.

Violence against women is a phenomenon that occurs in developed, emerging or poor latitudes. Psychological studies of violence in general and domestic violence in particular show that these are carried out at any time, circumstance or relationship (Bejar, 2006).

According to the reports of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the prevailing violence against women is homicide, domestic work and machismo. It is developed dimensions related to society, but it is also possible to observe in developing economies and poor (Harmer, 2001).

It is estimated that every 35 hours on average a woman dies victim of any of the three dimensions of the violence generated against them. Up to 80% of cases, crimes committed in the home of the victim and the perpetrators are former partners between 30 and 45 years rank high incidence and risk. Cases where the femicide acted with deliberation and premeditation advantage represent more than 90% and 64% maintained a conjugal relationship with children (Cenlerwall, 2000).

Therefore, the problem of violence against women is focused on the killings carried out by their partners, into his home and after five years of marriage (Entel, 2004).

This means that femicide can be explained from the theory of dating violence according to which, after a period of coexistence that may have been in courtship or in the early years of shared life, -agnostic tensions build, anxiety, fear, elucidate- that lead to aggression Soledad, helplessness, fear, pain, embarrassment and a -ambivalence distance, illusion, hope- continues with a phase -promises- reconciliation and restart the cycle with new most significant determinants of further attacks and tensions.

However, the theory of intimate partner violence only explained in general terms the vicious circle between two people who are not always related to female identity. In this sense, the theory of gender violence explained in more detail aggression towards women, because it raises levels of aggression ranging from comments to injury.

At the first level, the theory of gender violence proposes the study of the objectification of women which is to highlight physical attributes of the female gender identity regarding masculine identity but ignores other merits or talents of the person reified. Although the theory of sexual objectification focuses on the female body, ignores the social determinants d ela gender violence, since the construction of human aesthetic is a set of symbols and meanings of social and historical order which was further developed in some latitudes than in others (González and Santana, 2001).

Therefore, in the second level relative to psychological abuse, the theory of gender violence it holds that comparisons of the mature body with respect to the young body indicates a systematic strategy of ridiculing the purpose of committing a breach of trust, sexual or economic (Hirigoyen, 2006).

Finally, on the third level of the emerging aggression and systematic abuse it is a conditioning by the person committing the crime, as the blows and insults are understood by the victim as a punishment for their actions or lack thereof. At this level, social determinants such as machismo invisible because it is considered that aggression is a punishment for misconduct or lack thereof (Lameiras, 2004).

The theory of gender violence and the theory of sexual objectification explain the three levels of aggression perpetrators regarding female identity but shortchange historical and social factors from which it is possible to explain the construction of violence against women (Gutiérrez, 2010).

The theory of social gender violence intends to address the issue of violence against women from the socialization of female and male roles. The difference between the two roles is a consequence of the value of male attributes regarding the devaluation of women when it does not have the physical and sexual attributes demanded by the male identity (Loizaga, 2008).

Therefore, sexism and machismo have been identified as two socio - historical factors that explain not only differences between the genders, but also the systematic violence between male identity to female identity (Lopez, 2005).

The theory of the culture of violence suggests that companies are aggressive and abusive nature because they are in a competition for control of resources around which women have been them comfortable the care and maintenance of the competitor man and manager of the resources (Lopez, 2002).

In this sense, the theory of sexism in general and in particular theory of ambivalent sexism, emphasize the importance of the role of women would have on the competitive education and training of leaders. It is a process in which care, affection and service women are oriented to the formation of male capabilities for command, control and / or monitoring (Lopez, 2002).

Thus, leadership theory explains the formation of decision makers seeking to maximize profits and reduce profits whenever there is a culture of violence where the logic of violence is legitimized as an ideology of success and the use of aggression as an instrument of power.

The theory of social gender violence explained in greater depth and detail aggression and historical and systematic abuses of male identity on female identity.

If gender identity is the result of a categorization of attributes and a choice of belonging to a group in power, then the theory of social gender violence stands as the focus of discussion to the ideology that values ​​the masculine attributes and devalues ​​women 's when they do not mean a sexual object.

In academia, we can see the reflection of the problem of violence against women. From knowledge networks, it is possible to investigate not only the differences between the genders, but also the theoretical postulates put forward in order to anticipate the cycles of violence and designing a prevention model in groups that are on the verge of life shared and therefore exposed to the cycle of violence.

From the review of the theories of the cycle of violence, gender violence and the social construction of masculine and feminine identities, with the aim of establishing a balance and a prospective expectation of violence. Synaptic weights are explained by incoming, and outgoing latent layers on the pre-contemplation of violence, contemplation of aggressive relationships and personal change. Lines alluding to the kind of relationship research, negotiation and consensus decision making to warn couple conflicts.

Method

A non - experimental, exploratory and interpretative study was conducted. A non - probabilistic and intentional selection of 15 students whose parents are separated and 15 women whose parents are held together

Matrix discourse analysis related to intimate partner violence, marriage counseling and social change. They conducted interviews in the department of psychology at the public university. Participants are guaranteed the confidentiality of information and were informed that the study results do not directly or indirectly affect their academic status as only sought to investigate some related to the experience of living with parent’s speeches separately or together. The information was processed in the Analysis Package Neural Networks.

It is a technique to estimate the inputs or requests for information and its relationship with the outputs of information or knowledge. It consists of a flexible structure that predicts the knowledge around a topic considering the entry of relevant information. The graph of the neural network includes a balance of entries and information processing, as well as a prospective decision based on the differences found. Synaptic weights are storing information and knowledge learned.

It is a technique that is part of the neural network analysis and is used to calculate the relationship between inputs and outputs information. The results shown the technique can be a feedforward architecture where unidirectional connections prevail without feedback. The layers resulting from the estimation are; 1) input layers or predictors; 2) hidden layer or unobservable or latent nodes; 3) output layer or prospective- -knowledge expected responses.

Results

-three Layers of input factors relating to group membership, couples therapy and partner - relationship, latent and prospective -expectative change the relationship, the spouse change or change staff-

Adequation (KMO = ,789) Sphericity = ⌠X² = 435,34 (67gl) p = ,000⌡. Method: Principles Ways; Rotation: Promax. F1 = Intrapersonal (25% of the variance explained), F2 = Interpersonal (20% of the variance explained), F3 = Intragroup (17% of the variance explained), F4 = Intergroup (11% of the variance explained). Items contest for one option: 0 “probability short” to 5 = “extremely probability”.

We can see that the latent layer with 10 units or nodes of hidden knowledge reflects the impact of perceptions about the marital relationship of parents, relations of intimate partner violence and couple therapy required

The output layers show expectations about marital relations violent. That is, the sample of students, from parental groups to which they belong, the relations of partner violence perceived and required therapies seem to set a prospective differently and less than the perceived violence

Such findings support the structure of the knowledge network in which 50% of the weighted synapse is explained by the relationship between pre-contemplation, contemplation and action of personal change ⌠X² = 435,45 (24gl) p = ,008; GFI = ,990; CFI = ,990; RMSEA = ,008⌡.

Final considerations

The contribution of this study lies in the weighting of a stock of knowledge and the prospect of making personnel decisions to change the perceived problem.

However, the state of knowledge and current and literature have established that gender identity is determinative of mate selection, shared life and couples therapy.

In the present study it was found that the knowledge network of partner violence lies in three phases on the pre-contemplation, contemplation and personal change. This means that the identity of the survey sample consists of a network of information that affects the decision to change from the recognition of situations of violence and expectations of relationships without violence.

Psychological studies of intimate partner violence show that when the relationship is perceived as a formal decision are negotiated and agreed, but when the relationship is assumed to be superfluous, then decisions are delegated to the couple.

Future research concerning decisions partner should corroborate the findings of this study to deepen the type of relationship to conflict resolution.